Comparison of the Hammer Attack Story.
Bias In The Newspaper
1. Bias through pictures/graphic - camera angles, captions.
2. Word choice and tone in the body of the text.
3. Choice of writer (journalist) and sources - who is writing and what there beliefs are and who they have got their information from.
4. Where the article is in the paper - prominent or hidden.
5. Bias through omission or selection - whether an article is even published or not.
6. Choice of headline.
7. Use of names and titles (terrorist or freedom fighter).
8. Bias through statistics and crowd count (hundreds injured or only minor injuries).
Below are example of Bias in Britain's top newspapers; Daily Mail and The Sun. In the Daily Mail, we have the bias through statistics, stating that "tens of thousands" a number so large and quite clearly uncountable in the context of NHS meltdown, that it is obviously bias. In the Sun, we have bias through headline and through the pictures and graphics used. The fact that the headline contains the words "crash" and "wallies" adjacent to a 'low shot' picture of Corbyn illustrates how the Sun is aiming to be anti-labour and to portray the disasters of the Labour party.
2. Word choice and tone in the body of the text.
3. Choice of writer (journalist) and sources - who is writing and what there beliefs are and who they have got their information from.
4. Where the article is in the paper - prominent or hidden.
5. Bias through omission or selection - whether an article is even published or not.
6. Choice of headline.
7. Use of names and titles (terrorist or freedom fighter).
8. Bias through statistics and crowd count (hundreds injured or only minor injuries).
Below are example of Bias in Britain's top newspapers; Daily Mail and The Sun. In the Daily Mail, we have the bias through statistics, stating that "tens of thousands" a number so large and quite clearly uncountable in the context of NHS meltdown, that it is obviously bias. In the Sun, we have bias through headline and through the pictures and graphics used. The fact that the headline contains the words "crash" and "wallies" adjacent to a 'low shot' picture of Corbyn illustrates how the Sun is aiming to be anti-labour and to portray the disasters of the Labour party.
Screen Cast
Difference between Online Newspapers and Physical Newspapers
Here we have the front pages from the
Online News
Pros and Cons of online newspapers
Pros:
Pros:
- Free.
- Updated regularly (immediacy).
- Navigation (easy to find articles).
- Interactive (contributing comments).
- Can't be ruined.
- Can be edited.
- Convenient (don't have to go to the shops and buy).
- Notifications of breaking news.
Cons:
- Need an internet connection.
- Not available to those without technology devices e.g phones, tablets and laptops.
- Fake news.
- Comments can upset people.
- Older generation may have trouble accessing.
- Health hinder (strain to eyes and wrists, if using laptop/computer.
- Distracted by adverts and pop ups.
Newspaper Affiliation and Politics
Right Wing:
- Conservative supporters: UKIP (UK Independence Party), BNP (British National Party).
- Right Wing Newspapers: Daily Mail, Telegraph.
- 'You should earn what you work for and keep what you earn'.
- Believe in privatisation - healthcare and education.
- In favour of Brexit.
- Anti-immigration.
Left Wing:
- Labour supporters: Socialist Workers, Green Party.
- Left Wing Newspapers: Guardian, The Mirror.
- 'Spread the wealth - more equality'.
- Taxation of the rich to pay for the support of the poor.
- Pro-Europe, pro-immigration, pro-muliticulture, pro-gay marriage, women's rights and the environment.
"If you are left and want to change society, the media will always come and get you." - Owen Jones.
The 5 W's of Journalism:
- Who
- What
- When
- Where
- Why
Roland Barthes
French theorist, philosopher and critic, Barthes died at the age of 64 on the 25th March 1980; born 12th November 1915. He's wide range of studies helped and helped the development of schools.
Roland Barthes developed the 5 code theory, which described the meaning of the text. He suggested that there will be one or more of the 5 codes, and that texts may be 'open' (interpreted in different ways) or 'closed' (there is only one obvious thread to pull on).
The 5 codes:
- The Hermeneutic/Enigma code.
- The Proairetic/Action code.
- The Semantic code.
- The Symbolic code.
- The Referential code.
The Hermeneutic/Enigma code (the voice of truth) - this code states that the story avoids telling the truth or revealing all the facts in order to drop clues in throughout to create mystery.
The Proairetic/Action code - this code refers to the deliberate restriction of the narrative and the way tension is built up and the audience is left guessing what happens next.
The Semantic code - this code points to any element in a text that suggests a particular, often additional meaning.
Tabloid and Broadsheet Newspapers
Codes and Conventions of Tabloid and Broadsheet newspapers:
Tabloid:
- Read by mainly those in categories C2, D and E.
- Large bold writing (normally the headlines).
- Humorous and metaphorical titles.
- Lots of colour compared to the black and white theme of broadsheets.
- Large images which take up most of the page.
- Advertisements (Cheap holidays etc).
- Known as 'Red Tops' as they literally have a red banner on the name.
- Mainly 'soft news' (reality, sport, celebrities).
- FACT: Average reading age is a 9 nine year old. (The Sun)
- The Sun, Daily Star, Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, Daily Express.
- FACT: The Sun is the leading selling, 2nd is Daily Mail.
Broadsheet:
- Read by mainly those in categories A, B and C.
- Formal, high level language.
- Lots of writing, long articles (main part of the page).
- Less images (small images just to help with the story).
- Colour is very dull (normally just black and white with colour from small picture).
- Serious news, also known as 'hard news' (politics, education, economy).
- The Guardian, The Telegraph, The Times and Financial Times.
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